Gastric Dilation Volvulus (GDV) in dogs is defined as a condition where the stomach

• A. It's when the stomach fills with air, fluid, or food.
• B. It's an inflammation of the stomach lining due to bacteria.
• C. It's a skin condition causing swelling.
• D. It's a hernia of the stomach into the chest.

Answer: (A)

Gastric Dilation Volvulus is defined by rapid distension of the stomach, usually from gas (air) building up inside, and it can be accompanied by fluid or ingested material. This distension is the key feature that characterizes the condition, and it often progresses to twisting of the stomach (volvulus), cutting off blood supply and leading to a life-threatening situation. Among the options, the description that the stomach fills with air, fluid, or food best captures this dilation aspect. The other statements describe gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), a skin condition, or a stomach hernia into the chest—none of which define GDV. Recognizing stomach distension promptly is crucial because it drives the urgent need for decompression and surgical correction.